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Palliser, Sir Hugh
Persoon · 1722/23-1796

Hugh Palliser, (1722/23-1796), naval officer, Governor of Newfoundland (1764-8), politician, was born on 22 February 1723 in Kirk Deighton, West Yorkshire, England, son of Mary (Robinson) and Captain Hugh Palliser. He never married; a son, George Thomas, became a principal heir. He died on 19 March 1796 in Chalfront St. Giles, Buckinghampshire, England.

Little is known about Palliser's educational background. He entered the Royal Navy at the age of eleven, and quickly moved through the naval ranks to become a lieutenant and captain by the mid 1740s. He commanded a number of successful military campaigns in the North Atlantic, including Louisbourg (Ile Royale) and Quebec (1755-59). Palliser was sent to Newfoundland in 1762 to expel the French who had captured St. John's, but arrived the day after the French had surrendered. Two years later, on 18 April 1764, he was appointed Governor of Newfoundland.

Under the treaties of Paris and Utrecht, France had been granted the legal right to fish along the stretch of coastline extending from Cape Bonavista to Point Riche (termed the French Shore), and had received the islands of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon as a base for French fishermen. Palliser asserted the right of British fishermen to fish unimpeded in Newfoundland waters, while acknowledging the rights of the French to fish in designated areas of Newfoundland without disruption. Palliser settled grievances between British and French fishermen and provided naval patrols for the Newfoundland coastline to prevent illegal coastline settlements and illicit trade between the British and French. While advocating a conciliatory stance towards the Beothuk, Palliser was quite hostile towards the Mi'kmaq on the the island, whom he suspected of having strong ties with the Roman Catholic French at Saint-Pierre and Miquelon.

In 1763 Labrador was placed under the jurisdiction of Newfoundland. Palliser encouraged the establishment of a migratory fishery and supported the visit of British Moravian missionaries to Labrador (1764-5). These missionaries were instructed by Palliser to cultivate diplomatic relations with the Inuit, to act as interpreters, and to halt trade between the Inuit and the French. In 1764 Palliser appointed cartographer James Cook (surveyor of the island of Newfoundland in 1763) as a ship master, with his own crew, to systematically survey contested northern waters for French interference. Palliser also instructed Cook to chart the coastline near Saint-Pierre and Miquelon in 1765 to assist British patrol ships in the region.

Palliser left Newfoundland in November 1768 and returned to England, where he continued his involvement in British naval affairs, including an appointment as comptroller of the navy. On 6 August 1773 he was named a baronet; he was elected as a member to Parliament in the fall of 1774. Palliser proposed an Act for the Encouragement of the Ship Fishery, commonly termed "Palliser's Act," (passed in 1775). Among articles listed in the act, it offered bonuses for fishing ships going to the Grand Banks during the fishing season and reiterated the orders prohibiting settlements along Newfoundland coastlines.

In the course of British naval campaigns against the American colonies and with the French, Palliser was appointed Vice-Admiral . He resigned his seat in Parliament after disputes within the navy concerning tactics in 1778. He was ultimately acquitted of misconduct and appointed Governor of Greenwich Hospital in 1780. Palliser was also reelected to Parliament, where he served from 1780-84. Palliser was promoted to Full Admiral in 1787.

Carbery, Ellen
Persoon · 1845-1915

Ellen Carbery (1845-1915), businesswoman and poet, was born in Turk's Cove, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, in 1845, the youngest daughter of Bridget (Power) and James Carbery. She died on 5 September 1915.

When her mother died in 1856, Carbery was sent to live with her father's cousins, William and Mary Talbot, of Harbour Grace, who had no children of their own. William Talbot had been a school teacher and a Liberal Member of the House of Assembly (MHA) between 1852-59. Carbery received her education in Harbour Grace at the school operated by the Presentation Sisters, graduating in 1863.

In 1865 Carbery moved to St. John's where she worked in the women's department of Peters, Badcock, Roche & Company, becoming an expert in women's clothing, millinery and accessories. On 27 April 1887, she opened her own store, the Ladies Emporium, located on the ground floor of the Atlantic Hotel on Duckworth Street.

At the time the major suppliers of women's clothes, hats and accessories to Newfoundland in the late 1880s were British wholesalers who distributed through general department stores. To acquire stock, male buyers were sent to England several times a year. Carbery broke with tradition by going to England herself to acquire her stock.

Carbery's Ladies Emporium was destroyed in the St. John's fire of 1892. She re-opened her business at 13 Queen Street. In 1901, she relocated to 199 Water Street where she remained for the rest of her business life.

On 15 July 1915, Carbery left St. John's for her summer buying trip. While in England she also visited Newfoundland soldiers. She left Liverpool aboard the Hesperian on 4 September 1915. Later that night the vessel was hit by a torpedo from a German submarine. The ship did not sink immediately, giving passengers time to get into lifeboats. Carbery made it into one of the lifeboats, but she died before daybreak from the effects of exhausion and shock.

Carbery was recognized for her talent as a poet and as a correspondent to various newspapers. Approximately 70 poems and 24 articles have been found in local publications.

Allard, F.Z.
Persoon · [18--]

F.Z. Allard, Catholic priest, was assistant to Monsignor Sears, Prefect Apostolic of the Prefecture Apostolic of St. George's, Newfoundland, from 1878 to 1879.

Job, William John
Persoon · 1944-

William John Job was born in England in 1944, son of Nina M. Hampton (Silcock) and Thomas Warren Job. John Job was a member of the Job family, which was prominent in Newfoundland business and politics since the early nineteenth century. He was called William after his paternal grandfather and John after three forebears of that name.

Initially focused on the fish trade, the Jobs diversified into shipbuilding, timber, manufacturing and processing; their companies were affiliated with many other Newfoundland companies.

Murphy, Edward
Persoon · ca.1803-1832

Edward Murphy (ca. 1803-1832), Catholic priest, was born in Wexford, Ireland. He studied for the priesthood at St. Patrick's College, Carlow, and was ordained a priest in the chapel of the college in 1829. He was invited to come to the Vicariate Apostolic of Newfoundland by Bishop Michael Anthony Fleming.

Rev. Murphy arrived in Newfoundland in September 1831. He died in St. John's 6 June 1832 and was interred in the cemetery on Long's Hill.

Ward, Miles
Persoon · 1702-1792

Miles Ward (1702-1792) was a prosperous fish dealer and general merchant in eighteenth-century Salem, Massachusetts. He began his career as a joiner in the 1720s and expanded his trading activities in the 1730s, entering shipping by 1740. All his vessels combined fishing with the coasting trade to Maryland and Virginia, and overseas voyages to Europe and the West Indies. Although he was not a particularly wealthy or innovative merchant, the quality of his accounts and the length of time they cover are noteworthy.

Vardy, Wilson
Persoon · 1858-1921

Wilson Vardy (1858-1921), harbour master and light keeper, was born in Channel, Newfoundland, the eighth of ten children of Lucy and John Vardy (from Christchurch, England). Wilson's father, John, died on 28 December 1861 of suspected foul play. Wilson Vardy married Jane Meade on 11 February 1881 and the couple had eight children. Wilson was buried 21 December 1921 at the old Anglican cemetery at Graveyard Point, Port aux Basques.

Vardy worked as harbour master and light keeper on Vardy's Island at Channel and Port aux Basques from 1899 until his death in 1921. He was in charge of the leading lights and buoys, which had been established in 1898/9. These consisted of a front light, a rear light, and a series of buoys which were removed during winter to avoid drift ice.

Persoon · fl.1894-1909

Charles W.H. Tessier (fl. 1894-1909), merchant, operated a fish export business under his own name in St. John's, Newfoundland. The company had formerly been known as P. & L. Tessier, founded in 1847 by Peter and Lewis Tessier. Charles Tessier was a nephew of Lewis Tessier, identified in his will (1884) as a potential heir.

Initially the Tessier business had been modest, but after 1850 the firm became heavily involved in the salt cod trade. By the 1870s P. & L. Tessier had become one of the largest supply and export firms in Newfoundland. In 1871 and 1873 respectively, the Tessiers exported 106,000 and 76,980 quintals of fish from St. John's. The firm continued for some years after Peter Tessier's death, but folded in 1893.

Following the bank crash of 1894, Charles William Hutchings Tessier commenced his own business. By 1936 the business was operating out of an office on Water Street as commission merchants and insurance agents.

Carmichael, James W.
Persoon · 1819-1903

James William Carmichael (1819-1903), businessman, shipowner and politician, was born on 16 December 1819 at New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, son of James Carmichael and Christian (McKenzie) Carmichael. He married Maria Jane (McColl) on 5 June 1851 and they had six children. Carmichael died 1 May 1903 at New Glasgow.

Carmichael attended Pictou Academy. He became a clerk in his father's business and, in the early 1850s, gradually assumed management of the family mercantile and shipping interests. By 1854 the firm was known as J .W. Carmichael and Company. Carmichael registered his first vessel, the Helen Stairs in 1851, and, between 1857 and 1869, built at least fourteen more vessels. By the 1870s his shipbuilding yards were the most prominent in Pictou County. He constructed his largest vessel, the 1174 ton Thiorva, in 1876.

Carmichael invested in other local business, including a steam sawmill and a tannery company. He was agent for the Bank of Nova Scotia (1866-86), president of the New Glasgow Marine Insurance Association, and chair of the New Glasgow Underwriters' Association. By diversifying his investments, Carmichael maintained a strong position in the Pictou economy.

In 1867 Carmichael was elected to the Nova Scotia Legislature as the Liberal member (MLA) for Pictou, and an opponent of confederation. He lost his seat in 1872, was re-elected in 1874, and was defeated in 1878, 1882, and 1896. Carmichael was appointed to the Senate (1898-1903). He was active in the community life of New Glasgow, taking part in various religious, civic and charitable organizations.

The firm of J. W. Carmichael continued after the death of James and his son. In 1962 the firm went into voluntary liquidation, bequeathing $670,000 to charitable organizations.