John Bingley Garland (1791-1875), merchant and politician, was born in Poole, England, in 1791, the son of Amy Lester and George Garland. He married Deborah Vallis in 1822; after her death, he married Fanny Marie Read, who survived him. He fathered at least seven children: Rev. George Vallis Garland; Rev. Lester Lester (who changed his name from Garland to Lester to carry on the Lester family name); Amy Pyper; Marie Georgina Cass; Ellen Blanche Plumtree; Margaret Deborah Cooksley; and Frances Augusta Swinny. Garland died at Stone Cottage, Wimborne on 12 July 1875.
The senior Garland had inherited from his father-in-law, Benjamin Lester, one of the largest and most prosperous mercantile establishments involved in the Newfoundland fish trade. The company was based in Poole, with the Newfoundland headquarters at Trinity. John Bingley Garland and his younger brother, George Junior, entered into partnership with their father in 1819. They were sent to Trinity to manage the company property in Newfoundland. Shortly after their arrival in Trinity, they were both appointed as Justices of the Peace, and were soon involved in the building of St. Paul's Anglican Church. In 1821, after only two years in Newfoundland, John returned to Poole, where he spent the next 11 years working for the family business. It is believed that he travelled to Newfoundland during that period, but his place of residence was Poole, as he was elected Mayor of that town in 1824 and in 1830. George Garland Senior retired from the business in 1822 and George Junior left in 1830, resulting in John becoming sole proprietor. He entered into a partnership with St. John's businessmen George R. Robinson and Thomas Brooking around this time.
In 1832 Garland and his family returned to Trinity, possibly in response to the granting of representative government in Newfoundland and its implications for the Garland business interests. Later that year Garland was elected to the first House of Assembly as member for Trinity Bay. Shortly after his election, Garland moved to St. John's. When the House of Assembly opened in January 1833, he was elected first Speaker. Later that year he resigned his seat and was appointed to the Executive Council by Governor Thomas Cochrane.
Despite this appointment and his growing business concerns, Garland left Newfoundland and returned to Poole in 1834. After his return to England, Garland's interest in his business appears to have declined He dissolved his partnership with Robinson and Brooking, and sold some of his holdings. The remainder devolved to his children upon his death.